By Brianne Deerwester, Electrical Safety Foundation

Lithium-ion batteries power countless modern electronic devices throughout our homes and workplaces. They are in our cellphones and laptops as well as e-bikes, electric scooters, and electric vehicles. With any technology, proper usage is essential. During National Electrical Safety Month, the Electrical Safety Foundation (ESFI) is sharing educational resources to help consumers learn what to do about damaged or defective batteries. Adding to safety of these batteries NEMA released its Standard for Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries (NEMA/ANSI C18.3M, Part 2-2024).  

NEMA’s standard specifies tests for a range of battery chemistries, ensuring their safe operation under normal use. The standard also eases compliance with the United Nations’ Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods by standardizing marking and packaging requirements to address accidental lithium coin cell ingestion.

When it comes to safe usage and handling for these batteries, ESFI covers how to purchase, charge, store, remove and recycle Lithium-ion batteries:

Purchasing Tips:

With the endless number of retailers in the market, selecting what lithium-ion battery-powered devices to purchase can be difficult. When researching what to buy, choose a trusted retailer who stands behind their products. Select a product with a warranty that was certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory -- they protect consumers against unsafe products. If you require a replacement battery, purchase one from a reputable retailer.

Charging Safety:

Before using or charging the device, thoroughly read the owner’s manual for the manufacturer’s guidance and information. When charging the device, choose a flat, dry area away from children, sunlight, and entrances where a fire could block an escape route. Always use a manufacturer-approved charger and avoid adapters when charging. Charge the device by plugging it directly into a wall outlet, and never leave it charging unattended, especially overnight.

Removal and Recycling:

Be sure to remove the battery or charger once charging is complete to avoid overheating. Batteries should be stored and charged at room temperature as issues can occur below 32°F or above 105°F. Keep batteries and devices from heat sources or anything that can catch fire. Do not store batteries in vehicles.

Lithium-ion batteries must be recycled rather than disposed of, as not recycling them can cause fires. Batteries should only be recycled at approved battery recycling drop-off locations. Damaged, defective, or recalled batteries require special attention. Visit Call2Recycle for more information.

Finally, we continue to urge USTR to permanently extend all existing exclusions to ensure manufacturing competitiveness and economic growth, and initiate a thoughtful and robust exclusion process for electrical manufacturing and clean energy technologies on the new Section 301 tariffs announced yesterday.”